Stripped
a. 剥去的
✅ 同义词
🗣️ 情景例句
Just because. How's the baby?
没有原因。孩子好吗？
Much water runs by the mill that the miller knows not of.
当前发生诸种事，大多为人所不知。
We can't handle these price increase of yours.
我们没办法接受你们提高价钱。